Value of albumin-bilirubin score in predicting the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score in evaluating the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding, and to compare it with Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score and Model for End-stage Liver Disease combined with serum sodium concentration (MELD-Na) score. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 155 patients who were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding in The First Hospital of Jilin University from August 2018 to April 2019, and according to disease outcome after 1 year of follow-up, these patients were divided into survival group with 98 patients and death group with 57 patients. The influencing factors for prognosis were analyzed, and the value of ALBI score in predicting prognosis was assessed. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between two variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate independent influencing factors for death within 1 year. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated; the optimal cut-off value was determined based on Youden index. The Z test was used for comparison of AUC between these three scoring systems. ResultsThere were significant differences between the survival group and the death group in initial blood loss (U=1994.5, P=0.002), presence or absence of hepatic encephalopathy (χ2=14.154, P＜0.001), severity of ascites (χ2=10.537, P=0.005), total bilirubin (U=16940, P＜0.001), albumin (t=-6.633, P＜0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (U=2223.5, P=0.035), Na (U=1859.5, P=0001), international normalized ratio (U=1259.5, P＜0.001), prothrombin time (U=1331.5, P＜0.001), white blood cell count (U=2008.5, P=0.004), red blood cell count (t=-2.633, P=0009), red blood cell volume distribution width (U=1719.5, P＜0001), hemoglobin (U=2150.0, P=0.017), ALBI grade (χ2=48.732, P＜0.001), and CTP class (χ2=34.646, P＜0.001). The death group had a significantly higher ALBI score on admission than the survival group (-1.11±0.59 vs -1.79±0.44, t=7.618, P＜0.001), as well as significantly higher MELD-Na score (18.0［14.5-24.0］ vs 12.0［10.0-16.0］, U=1176.0, P＜0.001） and CTP score （9.0［8.0-11.0］ vs 7.0［6.0-8.0］, U=1078.0, P＜0.001）. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that ALBI score was positively correlated with CTP score and MELD-Na score (r=0.753 and 0.668, both P＜0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ALBI score (odds ratio ［OR］=8.349, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 2.658-26.232), CTP score (OR=1.586, 95%CI: 1.157-2.175), and MELD-Na score (OR=1.188, 95%CI: 1.062-1.328) were independent risk factors for predicting death within 1 year. The optimal cut-off value was -1.485 for ALBI score, 8.5 for CTP score, and 17.5 for MELD-Na score in predicting the 1-year prognosis of patients, with an AUC of 0.818, 0.807, and 0.789, respectively. There was no significant difference between the three scoring systems in predicting the 1-year mortality rate (P＞0.05). ConclusionThe performance of ALBI score is comparable to that of CTP and MELD-Na scores in predicting the risk of death within 1 year in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding, and ALBI score has a good evaluation ability.

Advances in the treatment of liver cirrhosis with portal vein thrombosis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the most common complications of liver cirrhosis. Due to coagulation disorder and the risk of bleeding in liver cirrhosis, there are many controversies over the treatment of liver cirrhosis with PVT in clinical practice. Common therapies for PVT include anticoagulant therapy, intervention, and thrombolysis. This article elaborates on the current status of the treatment of liver cirrhosis with PVT, in order to provide help for the development of standard and reasonable clinical treatment strategies.

Current status of research on the prognostic markers for acute-on-chronic liver failure / 临床肝胆病杂志

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterized by multiple organ failure and high short-term mortality rate, and it has always been a research hotspot in the field of severe liver diseases. Therefore, early and accurate risk stratification and timely intervention are of great significance to improve prognosis. This article summarizes the serum biomarkers identified in recent years for evaluating the prognosis of patients with ACLF, and it is pointed out that new serum biomarkers have an important guiding significance in the prognostic evaluation of ACLF patients.

Preliminary evaluation of day-care percutaneous nephrolithotomy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of day-care percutaneous nephrolithotomy (day-PCNL).Methods:The records of 46 consecutive patients underwent PCNL procedures for renal calculus from October 2017 to June 2019 at our institution were analyzed retrospectively. Their mean age was (46.7±8.5) years. Of all the 46 patients, 31 were males and 15 were females. Average BMI was (22.7±2.1) kg/m 2, with 37 cases of ASA scoreⅠ and 9 cases of score Ⅱ. Among the 46 patients, there were 27 cases of pelvis stones and 19 cases of upper ureteral stones, and 27 cases on the left side and 19 cases on the right side, with the maximum stone diameter of(2.31±0.52)cm. Patients underwent a clear diagnosis and surgical planning in the outpatient clinic, and the relevant preoperative examination, anesthesia evaluation and operative appointment. were completed. Patients came to the hospital at 9 o'clock on the day of operation, and underwent operation immediately after preoperative preparation. Under the paravertebral anesthesia, the F5 ureteral catheter was placed under the cystoscope in the lithotomy position, then the patients were placed in the prone position for percutaneous tract dilation. The F18 tract was established under the ultrasound guidance. Lithotripsy was performed by using F9.8 ureteroscopy and holmium laser. After an overnight observation, the patients were discharged when reaching the criteria including normal voiding, movement recovery, no fever or pain, no severe hematuria, no dizziness or headache, no cough, no nausea or vomiting, and answer fluently. The operative duration, perioperative complications, postoperative pain score (VAS score), and stone free rate at the first month were recorded. Results:All patients underwent successfully operations. Three individuals required full admission (longer than 24 h) due to pyonephrosis or postoperative fever, and the other 43 were discharged within 24 hours. Only one F18 tract was established for all patients, and the average operation time was (32.2±14.8)min. No pain was reported during the operation. The hemoglobin drop was (12.6±14.7)g/L, and no severe hemorrhage or transfusion occurred. The VAS pain score was (28.7±10.2) within 4 hours after the operation and (36.2±11.5) on the next morning. Stone free rate at 1 month was 95.3%. During 3 months follow-up period, no serious complication such as ureteral stricture, urinary leakage, or septic shock occurred.Conclusion:The day-care PCNL is safe and effective in appropriately selected patients, including single renal stone or upper ureteral stone less than 3cm.

The suggestions of prevention and control method of COVID-19 during urology clinical practice / 中华泌尿外科杂志

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) epidemic occurred in Wuhan and spread to many countries and regions around the world. In order to better enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of prevention and control method of COVID-19 during daily urological practices, we drew up this detailed suggestion based our previous successful work experiences in Wuhan.

Diagnostic efficiency and safety of bronchial needle aspiration for lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency and safety of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration(EBUS-TBNA)in lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in elderly patients.Methods:Thirty-five patients aged ≥70 years and 58 patients aged 60-69 years with NSCLC receiving EBUS-TBNA in our hospital from March 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled.All patients underwent EBUS for all visible mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes, and those with enlarged lymph nodes(short axis ≥6 mm)were further examined with TBNA.The diagnostic efficiency and safety of EBUS-TBNA were analyzed.Results:The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA was 0.94, the specificity was 1.00, the Yoden index was 0.94, the positive predictive value was 1.00, and the negative predictive value was 0.82.Tumor staging was changed in 20 patients after EBU-TBNA, resulting in changes in assessment on tumor resectability in 5 cases.EBUS-TBNA had excellent agreement with postoperative pathology in evaluating resectability(Kappa=0.95). The sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 and 0.97, respectively.The incidence of complications of EBUS-TNBA was 6.5%.The elderly group had a worse performance status( P<0.05)compared with the control group, but the complication rates(5.7% vs 6.9%, P>0.05)were similar between the two groups. Conclusions:EBUS-TBNA is highly effective and safe in the diagnosis of NSCLC in patients aged 70 and older.

Analysis of the impacts of drug price markup reform on hospitalization expenses of tertiary public hospitals in Sichuan province / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the impact of canceling drug price markup policy on hospitalization expenses of urban public hospitals in Sichuan province and provide decision-making basis. Methods Data of hospitalization expenses of the top 50 diseases among inpatients discharged in 2016 and 2017 were collected, totaling 2 732 022 inpatient cases. Based on hospitalization expenses, these disease were divided into seven categories ( A-G) using dynamic clustering analysis, which represent respectively dominant diseases of different expense makeups, to compare such indicators as hospitalization expenses and composition ratios of these diseases before (2016) and after the reform (2017). Results The study found drastic changes among the medical expenses of different categories of dominant diseases. For example, per-hospitalization cost of categories E ( featuring high drug and examination expenses ) and G ( featuring balanced expenses distribution) diseases decreased since the reform, while the other categories rose instead. The proportion of drugs of different disease categories decreased to various extents. For example, category A ( high drug ratio of 5.60% ) and category E (5.15% ) diseases of which were found with the sharpest drop. Proportion of service expenses, on the other hand, rose to different extents. For example, the proportion of service expenses of all disease categories increased to varying degrees, among which category E (3.46% ), category F (3.37% ) and category D (3.36% ) accounted for the largest share of increase.Conclusions The reform is moving the cost structure of dominant diseases in Sichuan towards a rational level, yet with significant differences among disease categories. The authorities should target various categories to adjust their reimbursement policies, minimize financial burden on patients, strengthen their supervision on drug use and medical behavior, prevent such misbehaviors as the inducing demands and transferring drug markups.

Predicting the risk of muscle-invasive bladder cancer using vesical imaging-reporting and data system / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and clinical significance of the vesical imagingreporting and data system (Ⅵ-RADS) in predicting muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).Methods The data of 59 bladder cancer patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and surgery between 2014 March and 2019 May were retrospectively analyzed,which includes 51 males and 8 females,aged 36-82 years old,with a median age of 62 years old.According to the scoring methods specified by Ⅵ-RADS,radiologists read and scored all mpMRIs including T2-weighted imaging (T2WI),diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI),and dynamic contrast enhancement MRI(DCE-MRI) of all the included patients.And then the Ⅵ-RADS were compared with pathological diagnosis.Proportions of MIBC in each score category were calculated,and ROC curve was plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was estimated to assess the sensitivity and specificity of Ⅵ-RADS in diagnosing MIBC.Results The number of patients in Ⅵ-RADS score category 1 to 5 were 12,28,2,15 and 2,respectively.And there were 0,2 (7.4％),1 (50.0％),13 (81.3 ％),2 (100.0％) MIBC patients in each score category,respectively.When Ⅵ-RADS ≥3 was used to define MIBC,it came to the largest Youden's Index(0.7913),with an AUC of 0.924.And the sensitivity and specificity were 88.9％ and 90.2％,respectively.Conclusions Ⅵ-RADS has high accuracy in predicting MIBC,and it is worthy of application and verification in further clinical practice.The urologists should be highly alert to the existence of MIBC when Ⅵ-RADS ≥3.

DRGs-based evaluation of medical service quality and performance at tertiary hospitals in Sichuan province / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To evaluate the performance of medical services of 18 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan province in 2016 based on DRGs, to identify objective methods to evaluate service quality and performance of medical institutions.Methods Based on the homepage data of inpatient medical records from 18 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan in 2016, using diagnosis-related groups as a risk-adjustment tool, the study evaluated the medical service quality and performance from three dimensions:medical ability,service efficiency and medical Quality.Results In the evaluation of medical service capacity, hospital I had the highest number of discharged cases and total weight(83 405 cases and 126 522.22),and hospital G had the lowest discharge cases and total weight(2 350 cases,2 797.12).The highest number of DRGs group was from hospital B(661 groups),and the lowest from hospital G(43 groups).The highest value of CMI was from hospital F(2.091),and the lowest from hospital D(0.953).Hospitals B,I and P had wide disease type range,while hospitals F, B and I had higher overall technical level than the other hospitals.Of the service efficiency evaluation,hospital E had the lowest time consumption index(0.740),and hospital P had the lowest expenditure index(1.073).Of the service quality evaluation,hospitals F and G had the lowest risk of mortality and the lower risk of mortality(0.00%,0.00%).Hospital I had the highest total score (100.0 points), and hospital G had the lowest total score(51.1 points).Conclusions DRGs based evaluation on medical service quality and performance of medical institutions can ensure reliability and scientific adequacy of evaluation.It may contribute to the continuous improvement of medical quality, and provide data support and decision reference for medical service supervision.

The clinical outcomes and prognosis of older human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognosis of older human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART ) in China .Methods This study was carried out in a retrospective cohort of HIV-infected patients initiated ART between January 2004 and December 2012 at The First Affiliated Hospital ,China Medical University .The patients were enrolled and divided into two groups ,including <50 years group (young and middle-aged group) and≥50 years group (older group) .Immunological and virological responses and mortality were analyzed . Data were analyzed by t test ,chi-square test ,two-way analysis of variance and log-rank test .Results Totally 291 subjects were included ,among whom 97 subjects were older patients and 194 subjects were young and middle-aged patients .Male was predominate in both groups ,which accounted for 91 .8％ and 87 .6％ ,respectively .The CD4+ T lymphocyte count in the older group before treatment was (151 .9 ±96 .2) cells /μL ,which was significantly lower than that in the young and middle-aged group (183 .4 ± 93 . 5) cells/μL (t= 2 .657 , P=0 .009) .At month 12 of treatment ,the CD4+ T lymphocyte count in the older group was significantly lower than that in the young and middle-aged groups (t= 2 .120 , P=0 .035) ,while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at month 24 (t=1 .025 ,P=0 .299) .The percentage of CD4+ T lymphocyte count increasing to 500 cells/μL in the older and youth groups during follow-up were 11 .3％ and 16 .0％ ,respectively (χ2=1 .127 ,P =0 .376) .Log-rank analysis showed that the mean times of virus inhibition in older group and young and middle-aged group were 7 .9 (95％ CI:6 .8-8 .5) and 7 .6 (95％ CI:6 .5 -9 .3) ,respectively ,with no statistically significant difference (χ2 =0 .002 , P=0 .961) .Virological failure was reported in 4 patients (4 .1％ ) in older group and 11 patients (5 .7％ ) in young and middle-aged group . Chi-square test showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0 .15 , P= 0 .78) .During follow-up , 19 .6％ (19/97) in older group and 3 .6％ (7/194) in young and middle-aged group died .The former was significantly higher than the latter (χ2 = 21 .113 , P< 0 .01 ) .Conclusions Older patients show a poor immunologic response ,similar viral suppression and higher risk of mortality compared with young and middle-aged patients . Future research should be aimed at the feasible and specific strategy for early diagnosis and timely treatment for older patients to improve treatment efficacy and reduce mortality .

Application of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement-derived real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in monitoring minimal residual disease of B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To establish a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia according to individualized and specific immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in leukemia cells, and to use it for the monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) of B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Methods The immunoglobulin gene rearrangements of bone marrow samples from 15 cases of B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia were analyzed with a validated European BIOMED-2 system, and the individualized and specific qPCR-based quantification of leukemic immunoglobulin gene rearrangements was established. Results Unique and specific gene rearrangements of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains were identified in 14 cases and Ig-qPCR based on these gene rearrangements had a sensitivity of 10-5 and high specificity which met the international criteria in 10 patients. Leukemia MRD quantification with immunoglobulin gene rearrangement-based qPCR was similar as compared with other MRD detection methods. Conclusion Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement-based leukemia MRD quantification is feasible, sensitive, specific, precise and much valuable for clinical decision of treatments in B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.

Analysis of the status of science and technology achievement awards among hospitals in level 2 and above in Sichuan province during 2010-2012 / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective A survey was conducted to learn the status of award winning for science and technology achievement among the medical institutions ranked level 2 and above in Sichuan province,to learn the research capacity in such medical institutions,and to provide the basis for research management and health decision.Methods Questionnaire survey was carried out among 555 hospitals ranked level 2 and above in Sichuan province,information on award winning for science and technology achievement during 2010 -2012 was collected and analyzed.Results Only 33％ of those medical institutions were awarded for their achievement in research with total number of 882 awards in three years:300,266,and 316 awards were obtained in 2010,2011 and 2012,respectively.Conclusions In the medical organization of Sichuan province,the number of awards of scientific and technological achievements showed no significant increase with an volatility state,and the overall level of award need to be improved.Awarded Research areas were mainly on clinical research-based,especially on surgery department.Most award winning hospitals are level 3,and the general hospitals win more award than specialized hospitals;furthermore,hospitals located in different regions are quite different in terms of award winning.

Neurocognitive function among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients evaluated by Montreal cognitive assessment and its relationship with the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To explore neurocognitive characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients ,and to compare the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART ) among patients with different cognitive functions .Methods Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) Chinese version in 118 HIV-positive patients and 62 HIV-negative controls .Among 59 patients on HAART ,CD4 + T cell count and viral load were assessed at enrollment and one-year follow-up .The mean of measurement data was compared using t test ,and enumeration data was analyzed using chi-squared or Fisher exact test when appropriate .Univariate and multivariate analysis were examined using bivariate Logistic regression models .Results Compared with control group ,HIV-infected group was characterized by higher rate of neurocognitive impairment (46 .6% vs 12 .9% , t =20 .30 ,P0 .05) .The former group had lower CD4 + T cell counts both at enrollment ([286 ± 127]/μL vs [363 ± 160]/μL) and one-year follow-up ([334 ± 122]/μL vs [411 ± 152]/μL) than the latter group (t= - 2 .027 and - 2 .067 ,respectively ,both P 0 .05) .Multivariate analysis revealed that age (OR = 1 .044 ,95% CI :1 .008 - 1 .081 , P < 0 .05) and education time (OR = 0 .820 ,95% CI :0 .723 - 0 .930 , P < 0 .05 ) were independent predictors for neurocognitive impairment among HIV-infected patients . Conclusions Neurocognitive impairment is common among HIV-infected patients ,which is characterized by poor performance in multiple domains , and patients with neurocognitive impairment performed poorly in immune recovery .MoCA could be a useful screening tool of cognitive function in HIV-infected patients . Neurocognitive function has no relationship with pre- and post-treatment viral levels .

Decreased expression of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 in kidney of patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Urinary prothrombin fragment 1 (UPTF1) is a potent inhibitor of urinary stone formation. UPTF1 exerts such inhibitory effect by effective γ-carboxylation in which vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), the rate-limiting enzyme, is involved. This study examined the correlation between VKORC1 expression and calcium oxalate urolithiasis. The renal cortex samples were obtained from patients undergoing nephrectomy and then divided into 3 groups: urolithiasis group, control group A [hydronephrosis-without-stone (HWS) group], control group B (normal control group). The localization and expression of VKORC1 in renal tissues were determined by using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence microscopy, Western blotting and SYBR Green I real-time reverse-transcription PCR. The rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were conducted to obtain the 3'- and 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of VKORC1. The results showed that VKORC1 was located in the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells. The expression of VKORC1 in the urolithiasis group was significantly lower than that in the other two control groups (P<0.05). Moreover, the 3'- and 5'-UTR sequence of the VKORC1 gene was successfully cloned. No insertion or deletion was found in the 3'- and 5'-UTR. However, a 171-bp new base sequence was discovered in the upstream of 5'-UTR end in the urolithiasis group. It was concluded that the decreased expression of VKORC1 may contribute to the development of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in the kidney.

Genetic mutation of vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase domain in patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To investigate the exon mutation of vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX or VKDC) in patients with calcium oxalate urolithasis, renal cortex and peripheral blood samples were obtained from severe hydronephrosis patients (with or without calculi), and renal tumor patients undergoing nephrectomy. GGCX mutations in all 15 exons were examined in 44 patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis (COU) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denatured high pressure liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and confirmed by sequencing. Mutation was not found in all COU samples compared to the controls. These data demonstrated that functional GGCX mutations in all 15 exons do not occur in most COU patients. It was suggested that there may be no significant association between the low activity and mutation of GGCX in COU.

Phylogenetic and characteristic analysis of 16S rDNA and rpoB gene sequence of Klebsiella / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To compare and analyze the phylogenetic tree and sequence variant characteristics of Klebsiella species between 16S rDNA and rpoB. Methods Eighteen isolates identified as genus Klebsiella (with 15 of K. Pneumoniae and 3 of K. Oxytoca) by automated biochemical tests were selected. DNA were extracted, 16S rDNA and rpoB genes were amplified and sequenced with Klebsiella 16S rDNA and rpoB primers. Together with already published 8 species of Klebsiella and 9 species of Enterobacteriaceae 16S rDNA and rpoB sequences from GenBank, totally 35 sequences of 16S rDNA and rpoB respectively, phylogenetic trees were constructed with MEGA 4.0 to the analysis of groups. DNAStar/MegAlign was used for comparison of variable regions of 16S rDNA and rpoB, with analysis of degree of divergent at the same time. Results As for all 35 sequences, both 16S rDNA and rpoB phylogenetic trees divided Klebsiella species into three groups, 15 of K. Pneumoniae in this study and 6 of K. Pneumoniae from GenBank (except for K. Oxytoca and K. Mobilis) cluster to group Ⅰ, K. Oxytoca and K. Mobilis were cluster to group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively. In rpoB phylogenetic tree, no matter group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ, or subgroup within group Ⅰ, the bootstrap values in each node of rpoB phylogenetic tree is obviously higher than that of 16S rDNA. Moreover, as for cluster to K. Oxytoca, rpoB is better than 16S rDNA. Analysis nucleic acid sequences of Klebsiella species, with 41 variable regions and 4 most significant regions were found within the Klebsiella 16S rDNA, while rpoB with 63 variable regions, and 1 most significant region. The similarity of 16S rDNA and rpoB within Klebsiella were 95.9%-100% and 90.2%-100% respectively. Further analysis divergent degree of 16S rDNA and rpoB within Klebsiella, the divergent value of rpoB (0-10.6) is higher than that of the 16S rDNA(0-4.0). Conclusion As for molecular classification and identification within KlebsieUa species, rpoB has more advantages than 16S rDNA.

Changes and significance of inflammation factors in model rabbit with artherosclerosis induced by hyperhomocysteic acid / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study the relationship between hyperhomocysteic acid(HHcy) and artherosclerosis.Methods 20 male rabbits were randomly divided into control and experiment groups(n=10).HHcy models were made by hypodermical injection of DL-methionine for 7 weeks.After 7 weeks homocysteic acid(Hcy),IL-1?,IL-6,and IL-8 in serum of rabbits in two groups were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).And the pathomorphological changes of aorta were observed with HE staining.The number of NF-?B positive cells in the aorta were counted by immunohistochemical method.Results The levels of Hcy,IL-1?,IL-6 and IL-8 in experiment group were higher than those in control group(P

One case report of clitoral priapism and literature review / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics of female clitoral priapism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 29-year-old case of painful priapism of the clitoris lasting 60 hours was reported. The etiology, diagnosis and treatment of clitoral priapism were discussed and the literature reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patient was cured by intracavernous administration of adrenaline.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Clitoral priapism is extraordinarily rare. It is primarily due to oral antidepressant drugs or pelvic malignant neoplasm which leads to tissue infiltration of the clitoral veins and obstruction of the clitoral corporeal blood flow. The efficient therapeutic approach to clitoral priapism is intracavernous administration of alpha-agonists similar to the treatment of penile priapism.</p>

Male urogenital tract mycoplasma infection and drug-resistance evolution / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the male urogenital tract mycoplasma infection and drug-resistance evolution in 2001 and 2003.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The results of mycoplasma culture and drug sensitivity tests were explored in 2001 and 2003, and the differences of drug sensitivity between the two years were analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 109 mycoplasma positive cases in 2001, 86.2% were infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), 3.8% with Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), 10.1% with both Uu and Mh; and of the 134 mycoplasma positive cases in 2003, Uu infection accounted for 79.1%, Mh infection 4.48% and Uu and Mh infection 16.4%. Compared with 2001, the drug-resistance rates to roxithromycin, azithromycin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin and clindamycin rose obviously in 2003; but the drug-resistance rates to josamycin, minomycin and doxycycline did not change significantly. As far as the drug sensitivity rate is concerned, josamycin ranked the first, and doxycycline the second.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Mycoplasma was a high rate of drug-resistance, and the drug sensitivity evolves with the time. Treatment for mycoplasma should be based on the results of drug sensitivity tests. Josamycin can be used as the first choice.</p>

Study on Iron,Zinc,Copper,Manganese and Selenium Contents in Serum of Patients Suffering From Acute Myocardial Infarction and Using Thrombolysis Therapy / 中国医师杂志

By using thrombolysis therapy,34 patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction were treated.And by comparing iron.zinc,copper,manganese and selenium contents in serum of 34 patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction with that of control group and the contents between before-treating and after-treating,following results are revealed:before treating,iron,zinc,copper contents in serum of the patients increased while manganese and selenium contents decreased,there is great difference between the contents of the patients and control group(P